用农作物秸秆生产一次性餐具的技术

市场中应用的一次性餐具(含快餐盒,下同)多数是用白色的聚苯乙烯材料来制作的,该餐具主要的优点是质轻、价廉、保温性好,在方面则也具有特定的优点,一次性餐具厂家进行大批量生产每只也就几分钱。我国人口这么多,一次性餐具市场销量相当火,只快餐盒年耗用量就能达150亿只以上,若加上快餐盘碗、杯与冷饮容器等,数量越大。但这种餐具也有其较大的弱点,它的原材料为白色塑料使用后不能降解,到处丢弃定然污染公共场所与环境、较难处理等问题。

Most disposable tableware (including fast food boxes, the same below) used in the market are made of white polystyrene material. The main advantages of this tableware are light weight, low price, and good insulation. In terms of price, it also has specific advantages. Disposable tableware manufacturers can produce them in large quantities for only a few cents each. With such a large population in our country, the sales of disposable tableware in the market are quite hot. The annual consumption of fast food boxes alone can reach over 15 billion. If we add fast food plates, bowls, cups, and cold drink containers, the larger the quantity. But this type of tableware also has its major weaknesses. Its raw material is white plastic, which cannot be degraded after use. If discarded everywhere, it will inevitably pollute public places and the environment, and it is difficult to handle.

同时据研究报道:一次性泡沫塑料餐具在遇到热汤热饭时,会产生16种损害素,人们在不知不觉中就可能将损害素溶化在食物中,这将对人们的身体健康造成一定的危害。因而从70年代以来,一次性餐具厂家都在研究开发不污染的一次性餐具。

At the same time, it is reported that the disposable foam tableware will produce 16 kinds of damaging elements when encountering hot soup and hot meal. People may dissolve damaging elements in food unconsciously, which will cause certain harm to people's health. Therefore, since the 1970s, disposable tableware manufacturers have been researching and developing non polluting disposable tableware.

现在我国不少有远见的企业纷纷把目光投向新型的一次性餐具。现将几种新型的餐具材料、设备、生产工艺、单只生产成本作一初浅的探讨。

Many visionary enterprises in China are now turning their attention to new types of disposable tableware. This article will briefly discuss several new types of tableware materials, equipment, production processes, and individual production costs.

用农作物秸秆生产餐具的设备技术：

Equipment technology for producing tableware using crop straw:

这种一次性餐具的原料为:玉米秸秆、高梁秆、麦秆、稻草、稻壳、树木树枝、茅草、芦苇、蒿草等。该产品原料可达100多种,其中不少是农村到处可见的废弃物,其资源可谓是取之不尽,用之不完。

The raw materials for this disposable tableware are corn straw, sorghum straw, wheat straw, rice straw, rice husk, tree branches, thatch, reed, artemisia annua, etc. The raw materials for this product can reach over 100 types, many of which are waste materials that can be seen everywhere in rural areas. Its resources can be said to be inexhaustible and inexhaustible.

利用秸秆、谷物等原料生产餐具盒的工艺流程为:农作物秸秆原材料处理一粉碎机粉碎一-配比混合(加入粘合剂搅拌)一一定量给料一一模压成型一一表面涂胶一烘干一消菌一一成品包装。

The technological process of producing tableware boxes from straw, grain and other raw materials is as follows: processing of crop straw raw materials - pulverizer crushing - proportioning mixing (adding adhesive for mixing) - quantitative feeding - molding - surface coating - drying - sterilization - finished product packaging.

生产设备主要为:原料粉碎机、混合搅拌机、定量给料机、模压成型机、涂淋机、烘干消菌设备。一次性餐具厂家用秸秆原料生产的餐具盒经有关机关部门检测,各项技术指标全符合相关规定的标准,并作了降解性能试验,将使用过的餐具埋在地下不大于3个月即能降解。

The production equipment mainly includes: raw material crusher, mixing mixer, quantitative feeder, molding machine, coating machine, drying and sterilization equipment. The tableware boxes produced by disposable tableware manufacturers using straw raw materials have been tested by relevant government departments, and all technical indicators meet the relevant standards. Degradation performance tests have been conducted, and used tableware can be degraded after being buried underground for no more than 3 months.

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